Professional and recreational stalkers use dogs to aid in the management of deer in several different ways, including indication and moving of deer. Though the most common use is for the tracking of wounded deer and the location of dead deer in difficult concealing terrain.
The dedicated tracking dog should have the following attributions.
- Calm, confident and obedient in the presence of deer, game and livestock;
- Steady to the sound of rifle fire and to be relied upon to ‘stay’ at a specific point for extended periods;
- Capable of tracking a shot/injured deer and communicating its presence at the end of a track;
- Capable of securing — either physically or ‘at bay’ — the species of deer stalked.
Training of the tracking dog should always have as its base good sound obedience upon which to build. A deer dog should be under the handlers control at all times and be steady to deer, game and stock. From a very early age tracking dogs should be ‘switched on’ and encouraged to use their noses and follow blood trails. The early trails are very easy and consist of dragging a heart/lung or deer skin over a short distance, progressing through time to an artificial blood trail which increases in difficulty and distance. Blood trails are laid using a drops of blood, dabs of blood on a sponge stick, or increasingly the use of scent shoes which are worn by the track layer and incorporate the cleaves of a deer. The blood used should ideally be from deer and preferably the same deer as the cleaves but reconstituted blood and even cows blood can be used. At the end of the trail should be a deer skin or indeed carcass and lavish praise should be given to the dog for its find.
The dog tracks on a long line and as the training progresses not only does the difficulty of terrain and length of trail change but the dog is challenged by older more complex trails incorporating wound couches,(simulated areas where wounded deer rest), and chase phases where the dog is released, again simulated, to train for when it may be required to bring down or put at bay a wounded deer in a real life situation .A good standard for a 1-2 yr old dog would be a 400-1000m track over all types of terrain and aged 24 to 48 hours.
On locating the deer, the dog must then indicate to its handler the fact that it has done so. This can be done by either the dog barking at the find, ( Torvebeller),returning to the handler and indicating that it has found the deer by means of taking the handler to it,( free reporting),or returning with a leather thong in its mouth which it carries on its collar, (bringsel method), again taking the handler to the deer, where in all cases the dog is rewarded.
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